4-26 Mon 4-27 tue Cohort A -

 4-26 Mon   4-27 tue Cohort A -  

34-5 China: Reform and Reaction - Tiananmen Square Square 1989 Mr. MacDonald 5 min video 

List 5 facts in your notes and post one in chat 

1

2

3

4

5

It happened in Tiananmen Square l Featured Documentary 24 min

List 5 facts in your notes and post one in chat 

1

2

3

4

5

Tiananmen Square Massacre (1989) animated 11 min  

List 5 facts in your notes and post one in chat 

1

2

3

4

5

ARCHIVE: Tanks roll into Tiananmen Square (4 June 1989) - BBC Newsnight 26min 

List 5 facts in your notes and post one in chat 

1

2

3

4

5

Tiananmen Square: What happened in the protests of 1989? - BBC News 11 min 

List 5 facts in your notes and post one in chat 

1

2

3

4

5

Before You Read In the last section, you read about the collapse of communism and other changes in Central and Eastern Europe. In this section, you will learn about the recent history of China. As You Read Use a diagram to list events leading up to the demonstration in Tiananmen Square. 

Terms and Names

 Zhou Enlai Chinese leader who worked with President Nixon to improve U.S.–Chinese relations

 Deng Xiaoping Chinese leader after Zhou Enlai

 Four Modernizations Goals of Deng Xiaoping that called for progress in agriculture, industry, defense, and science and technology 

Tiananmen Square Square in the capital of Beijing; scene of a student demonstration and massacre 

Hong Kong Island that became part of China again in 1997 

THE LEGACY OF MAO (Pages 625–626) How did Mao change China? 

Mao Zedong had tried to build a China on the ideas of equality, revolutionary spirit, and hard work. But his policies failed to create a strong economy. He reduced incentives for higher production. The Great Leap Forward helped cause an economic disaster. During Mao’s rule, China had little role in world affairs. Zhou Enlai, another Chinese leader, worried about this. He worked with U.S. President Richard Nixon to improve U.S.–Chinese relations. 

1. How successful were Mao’s economic programs? ______________________________ ______________________________ 

CHINA AND THE WEST (Page 626)

 How did Deng Xiaoping change China? After Mao and Zhou died in 1976, moderates took control of the government. The most powerful leader was Deng Xiaoping. He tried to modernize the economy. Deng had goals known as the Four Modernizations. These called for progress in agriculture, industry, defense, and science and technology. He ended farming communes and allowed farmers to sell part of their produce for a profit. Farm production increased greatly. Deng made similar changes to industry. People’s incomes began to rise. They began to purchase appliances and other goods that were once scarce. 

2. What were the results of Deng Xiaoping’s changes? ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ 

MASSACRE IN TIANANMEN SQUARE (Pages 627–628)

 What caused the protest at Tiananmen Square? Deng’s new plan caused problems. The gap between rich and poor grew wider, which caused unrest. Western political ideas spread throughout the country. In 1989, thousands of Chinese students gathered in Tiananmen Square in the capital of Beijing. They called for democracy and freedom. Deng responded by sending army troops and tanks to put down the rally. Thousands were killed or wounded. China has continued to stamp out protests since then.

 3. What happened to the protesters at Tiananmen Square? ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ 

CHINA ENTERS THE NEW MILLENNIUM (Pages 628–629) What happened to Hong Kong? Another major issue for China was the status of Hong Kong. The island became part of China again in 1997 when the British gave it back after 155 years of colonial rule. China promised to respect Hong Kong’s freedom for 50 years. But many worried that China would take away Hong Kong’s freedoms. 4. Why do people worry about Hong Kong’s new rule? _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ 

CHINA BEYOND 2000 (Page 629) What is the connection between political and economic reform in China? Liberal economic reforms in China did not immediately lead to political reforms. China has been successful in reducing poverty, in part because it has been cautious in privatizing the economy. China managed to maintain economic growth in the early 21st century. As economic and social conditions in China improve, the political situation may improve as well. An important sign of China’s engagement with the world was its successful campaign to be chosen as the site for the 2008 Summer Olympics. 

5. Which came first in China—political or economic reform? _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________